Tafseer of Surah 33, Ayah 33: Regarding Hadees Al-Kisa & Infallibility of Imam

Quran(33:33):-

وَقَرْنَ فِي بُيُوتِكُنَّ وَلَا تَبَرَّجْنَ تَبَرُّجَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ الْأُولَىٰ ۖ وَأَقِمْنَ الصَّلَاةَ وَآتِينَ الزَّكَاةَ وَأَطِعْنَ اللَّـهَ 

وَرَسُولَهُ ۚ إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّـهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيرًا

Transaltion(Yusuf Ali):-

And stay quietly in your houses, and make not a dazzling display, like that of the former Times of Ignorance; and establish regular Prayer, and give regular Charity; and obey Allah and His Messenger. And Allah only wishes to remove all abomination from you, ye members of the Family (Ahlulbayt), and to make you pure and spotless.

Shia Tafseer & Hadees

Here is the Long hadees from Imam Jafer Sadiq (as)..look at the bold part for tafseer of ayah (33:33)..This Hadees is also known as Hadees Al-Kisa


From Abu Basir who has said that he asked abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) about the following words of Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High. "Believers, obey God, His Messenger, and your leaders (who possess Divine authority). . . ." (4:59) The Imam (a.s.) said, "This was sent from heavens about Ali ibn abu talib al-Hassan and al-Husayn (a.s.)." I then said, "People say, "Why did He not specify Ali and his family by their names in the book of Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High?’" The Imam (a.s.) said, "Say to them, ‘The command for prayer came to the Messenger of Allah but He has not specified (the number of the Rak‘ats) for them three nor four. It, in fact, was the Messenger of Allah who explained to them this matter. The command for Zakat (a form of income tax) came to the Messenger of Allah and there was no specific taxable number such as one Dirham on every forty Dirham. It was the Messenger of Allah who explained it for them. The command for Hajj came to the Messenger of Allah. It did not say walk senven times around the Ka‘ba . It was the Messenger of Allah who explained it for them. The verse about obedience came "Believers, obey God, His Messenger, and your leaders (who possess Divine authority). . . ." (4:59) It came to declare that Ali, al-Hassan and al-Husayn (a.s.) were the leards who possessed Divine authority. The Messenger of Allah then said about Ali (a.s.), "On whoever I have Divine Authority, then Ali (a.s.) has Divne Authority over him also." He also has said, "I enjoin you to follow the book of Allah and my family because have prayed to Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High not to separate these two from eachother until He will make them arrive al-Kawthar (at the pool of Paradise) to meet me. He has granted my prayer as such." The Holy Prophet (s.a.) has said, "Do not try to teach them (The Imam (a.s.) becaue they are far more knowledgeable than you." The Holy Prophet (s.a.) has said, "The Imam (a.s.) will never take you out of the gate of guidance and they never make you enter the gate of misguidance." Had the Messenger of Allah remained silent and would not explain anything about his Ahl al-Bayt (family) the family of so and so would have advanced their claim for Imamat (Leadership with Divine Authority). However, Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, has revealed it in His book to confirm the explanantions of His Prophet about Ahl al-Bayt (in the following verse), "People of the house, God wants to remove all kinds of uncleanliness from you and to purify you thoroughly." (33:33) Ali, Fatima, al-Hassan and al-Hussain (a.s.) were there and the Holy Prophet (s.a.) made them to enter under al-Kisa’ (the Cloack) in the house of ’Umm salama and then said, "O Lord, every prophet has a family and a gravity, and these are my family and gravity." ’Umm Salama at this point said, "Am I not of your family?" The Holy Prophet (s.a.) said, "You are in goodness but these are my family and my gravity." Whe the Messenger of Allah passed away Ali (a.s.) had the utmost priority and guardianship of the people all because of what the Messenger of Allah had preached about him. It was because of raising him up for the people and holding his hand in his hand. When Ali (a.s.) (was about to) passed away he could not (and would not) enter Muhammad ibn Ali or al-‘Abbass ibn Ali or anyone of his other sons in the position of Imamt. Otherewise, al-Hassan and al-Husayn (a.s.) would have said, "Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, has revealed about us jus as He has done so about you, and He has commaned people to obey us just as He has commanded people to obey you. The Messenger of Allah has preached to people about us just as he has done so about you. Allah has removed al-Rijs uncleanliness from us just as He has done so to you. When Ali (a.s.) left this world, al-Hassan had the utmost priority for Imamat (Leadership with Divine Authority) because he was the eldest. When was about to die he could not, and would not, enter his sons in the position of Imamat.It is because ;Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, says, ". . . The relatives are closer to each other, according to the Book of God, than the believers and the emigrants. . ." (33:6) He then places Imamat (Leadership with Divine Authority) in his sons. If so, al-Husayn (a.s.) would have said, "Allah has commanded people to obey me just as He has commanded people to obey you and to obey your father. The Messenger of Allah has preached to people about me just as he has preached to people about you and your father. Allah has removed al-Rijs (unleanliness) from me just as He has removed from you and your father. When the Imamat (Leadership with Divine Authority) was infull force with al-Husayn (a.s.) there was no one in his family to who could claim against him as he could calim against his brother and father, had they wanted to diver it from him and they would not do so. After them it found its place with al-Husayn (a.s.) and the interpretation of this verse continued, ". . . The relatives are closer to each other, according to the Book of God, than the believers and the emigrants. . . ." (33:6)

After al-Husayn (a.s.) Imamat (Leadership with Divine Authority) found its place with Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s.). After Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s.) it (Leadership with Divine Authority) found its place with Muhammad ibn Ali (a.s.)." The Imam (a.s.) said, "Al-Rijs means doubts, I swear by Allah that we never doubt in our Lord."


Source:-

1. Al-kafi H 757, Ch. 64, h 1

Grading:-

The following first sanad in orange is weak :

Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus and Ali ibn Muhammad from Sahl ibn Ziyad, abu Sa‘id from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus from ibn Muskan from abu Basir 

The second sanad for the same hadith and this is sanad sahih :

Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Muhammad ibn Khalid and al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from Yahya ibn ‘Imran al-Halabi from Ayyub ibn al-Hurr and ‘Imran ibn Ali al-Halabi from abu baseer from abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) a similar hadith.

1. Muhammed ibn yahya is Thiqat, أبو جعفر العطّار القمّي ، شيخ أصحابنا في زمانه ، ثقة ، عين ، كثير الحديث
2. Ahmed ibn mohammed ibn issa is extremely Thiqat , وأبو جعفر رحمه الله ، شيخ القميين ووجههم وفقيههم غير مدافع 
3. Mohamed ibn khalid and Hussein ibn saeed are both Thiqat , ثقة ، روى عن الرضا وأبي جعفر الثاني وأبي الحسن الثالث عليهم السلام ، وأصله كوفي
4. Nadhr ibn suwaid : extremely Thiqat , كوفي ، ثقة ، صحيح الحديث ، انتقل إلى بغداد ، له كتاب
5. Yahya ibn imran al-halabi is Thiqat , يحيى بن عمران بن علي بن أبي شعبة الحلبى: روى عن أبي عبد اللّه وأبي الحسن عليه السلام، ثقة ثقة، صحيح الحديث
6. Ayyoob ibn al-hurr and Imran ibn ali halabi are both Thiqat
7. Abu baseer  is Thiqat 
8. Abu Abdilleh(as) he's Imam Jafer al-sadiq(as)

All Narrators are "Thiqat" hence Hadees is Sahih, Inshallah!!

Infallibility of Imam

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن أحمد بن الوليد رضي الله عنه قال حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن الحسين بن سعيد عن حماد بن عيسى عن إبراهيم بن عمر اليماني عن سليم بن قيس الهلالي عن أمير المؤمنين علي بن أبي طالب ع قال إن الله تبارك و تعالى طهرنا و عصمنا و جعلنا شهداء على خلقه و حججا في أرضه و جعلنا مع القرآن و جعل القرآن معنا لا نفارقه و لا يفارقنا

Ameer Al-Mu’mineen `Alee bin Abee Taalib (عليه السلام) said: “Verily Allaah (تبارك و تعالى) has purified us and (made) us infallible (`iSmunaa), and made us witnesses upon his creations, and his proof on his earth, and made us with the Qur’aan, and made the Qur’aan with us. We she not separate from it (The Qur’aan) nor shall it (the Qur’aan) separate from us”

Source:-

1.  Al-Sadooq, Kamaal Al-Deen, vol. 1, ch. 22, pg. 240, hadeeth # 63

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عُمَرَ الْيَمَانِيِّ عَنْ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ الْهِلَالِيِّ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ص قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى طَهَّرَنَا وَ عَصَمَنَا وَ جَعَلَنَا شُهَدَاءَ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ وَ حُجَّتَهُ فِي أَرْضِهِ وَ جَعَلَنَا مَعَ الْقُرْآنِ وَ جَعَلَ الْقُرْآنَ مَعَنَا لَا نُفَارِقُهُ وَ لَا يُفَارِقُنَا

Ameer Al-Mu’mineen `Alee bin Abee Taalib (عليه السلام) said: “Verily Allaah (تبارك و تعالى) has purified us and (made) us infallible (`iSmunaa), and made us witnesses upon his creations, and his proof on his earth, and made us with the Qur’aan, and made the Qur’aan with us. We she not separate from it (The Qur’aan) nor shall it (the Qur’aan) separate from us”

Source: 

1.  Al-Kulayni, Al-Kaafi, vol. 1, Kitaab Al-Hujjah, Ch. 15, hadeeth # 2, pg. 203 - 205

Grading:

1. Al-Majlisi said this hadeeth is Hasan (Good)
    Mir’aat Al-`Uqool, vol. 2, pg. 343

قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا أَنْتُمْ قَالَ نَحْنُ خُزَّانُ عِلْمِ اللَّهِ نَحْنُ تَرَاجِمَةُ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ نَحْنُ قَوْمٌ مَعْصُومُونَ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى بِطَاعَتِنَا وَ نَهَى عَنْ مَعْصِيَتِنَا نَحْنُ الْحُجَّةُ الْبَالِغَةُ عَلَى مَنْ دُونَ السَّمَاءِ وَ فَوْقَ الْأَرْضِ 

“He (the narrator) said: I said: ‘So what are you?’ He [Imaam Al-Saadiq (عليه السلام)] said: ‘We are the reservoir of the knowledge (`ilm) of Allaah, we are the explainers of the commands of Allaah, we are the ma`soom people. Allaah(تبارك و تعالى) has commanded to obey us, and has prohibited from insurgence (against) us, we are well advocated proof (al-hujja) for who is under the heaves and above the earth.”

Source:

1. Al-Kulayni, Al-Kaafi, vol. 1, Kitaab Al-Hujjah, pg. 269 – 270, hadeeth # 1

Grading:

                 

1. Al-Majlisi said this hadeeth is Hasan (Good) 

          Mir’aat Al-`Uqool, vol. 3, pg. 159

بَقِيَّةً مِنْ آدَمَ ع وَ خِيَرَةً مِنْ ذُرِّيَّةِ نُوحٍ وَ مُصْطَفًى مِنْ آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ سُلَالَةً مِنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَ صَفْوَةً مِنْ عِتْرَةِ مُحَمَّدٍ ص لَمْ يَزَلْ مَرْعِيّاً بِعَيْنِ اللَّهِ يَحْفَظُهُ وَ يَكْلَؤُهُ بِسِتْرِهِ مَطْرُوداً عَنْهُ حَبَائِلُ إِبْلِيسَ وَ جُنُودِهِ مَدْفُوعاً عَنْهُ وُقُوبُ الْغَوَاسِقِ وَ نُفُوثُ كُلِّ فَاسِقٍ مَصْرُوفاً عَنْهُ قَوَارِفُ السُّوءِ مُبْرَأً مِنَ الْعَاهَاتِ مَحْجُوباً عَنِ الْآفَاتِ مَعْصُوماً مِنَ الزَّلَّاتِمَصُوناً عَنِ الْفَوَاحِشِ كُلِّهَا

Imaam Al-Saadiq (عليه السلام) said:“...He is the remainder from Aadam (عليه السلام), the best (ones) from the progeny of Nooh (عليه السلام), the chosen one from the family (ahl) of Ibraaheem (عليه السلام), and the offspring from Ismaa`eel, and the elite (ones) from the lineage (`itrah) of Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم), He has always been looked after by the eyes of Allaah who protects him and guards him with his curtain, he is expelled from the ropes of Iblees, and he is a solder he pushes away from approaching twilight. And all immorality (fisq) and evil is discharged from him, he is free deformities, he is veiled from diseases, he is ma`soom from (any) minor sin, and he is preserved from all (types) of filth (fawaaHish)...”

Source:-

1. Al-Kulayni, Al-Kaafi, vol. 1, Kitaab Al-Hujjah, Ch. 15, hadeeth # 2, pg. 203 - 205

Grading:-

1. Al-Majlisi said this hadeeth is SaHeeH (Authentic)
    Mir’aat Al-`Uqool, vol. 2, pg. 400